Higher education is often an underappreciated pillar in the architecture of crisis recovery. While not compulsory or mandated by states, the continuity of higher education during and after crises is paramount for long-term societal resilience and recovery. Here’s why maintaining higher education is critical, supported by compelling facts and figures.
Driving Economic Stability and Growth
Higher education institutions are engines of economic stability and growth, particularly in times of crisis. According to the World Bank, countries that invest in higher education see substantial economic returns. For every additional year of tertiary education, the average income increases by approximately 10%. This boost in earning potential is crucial for rebuilding economies devastated by disasters or pandemics.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries with robust online higher education systems saw less disruption in their labour markets. For instance, Estonia’s extensive digital infrastructure allowed universities to transition smoothly to online learning, mitigating the economic impact on students and their future earnings.
Enhancing Social Cohesion and Mental Health
Higher education also plays a vital role in enhancing social cohesion and mental health during crises. Universities often serve as community hubs that provide psychological support, promote social interaction, and offer stability. Institute of International Education (IIE) study found that higher education institutions were pivotal in supporting mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. They provided counselling services, online support groups, and mental health resources that were crucial for students facing isolation and anxiety.
Moreover, higher education fosters critical thinking, tolerance, and an understanding of complex social issues, essential for maintaining social cohesion in times of crisis. Educated individuals are more likely to engage in community service and civic activities, contributing to a more resilient and cohesive society.
Advancing Innovation and Research
Innovation and research are among the most significant contributions of higher education during crises. Universities are at the forefront of developing solutions to global challenges. During the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education institutions worldwide rapidly pivoted to research on vaccines, treatments, and public health strategies. For example, the University of Oxford was crucial in developing the AstraZeneca vaccine, demonstrating how higher education can directly impact global health outcomes.
In natural disasters, universities often lead in disaster risk reduction research and the development of new technologies to mitigate future risks. For instance, the National University of Singapore has been instrumental in researching climate change adaptation strategies that are vital for regions prone to natural disasters.
Long-term Societal Benefits
The long-term societal benefits of higher education cannot be overstated. Higher education is linked to lower crime rates, improved public health, and higher levels of civic engagement. According to UNESCO, each additional year of higher education reduces the risk of conflict by 20%, as educated populations are better equipped to resolve disputes peacefully and engage in democratic processes.
Additionally, higher education promotes gender equality. Women who attain higher education are more likely to participate in the labour force, achieve economic independence, and contribute to their communities. This empowerment is crucial in post-crisis recovery, where rebuilding efforts often require the full participation of all societal members.
Conclusion
Despite not being compulsory, the continuity of higher education during and after crises is essential for economic recovery, social cohesion, innovation, and long-term societal benefits. By investing in higher education, countries can ensure a more resilient future and be better equipped to handle the challenges of the 21st century. Higher education is not just an academic pursuit; it is a cornerstone of recovery and resilience, vital for the sustainable development of societies worldwide.
Bibliography
- World Bank. “Economic Returns from Higher Education.” World Bank Report.
- The Guardian “Transition to Online Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic.” The Guardian.
- Institute of International Education (IIE). “Higher Education’s Response to COVID-19.” IIE Report.
- National University of Singapore. “Climate Change Adaptation Strategies.” NUS Research.
- UNESCO. “Conflict Reduction through Higher Education.” UNESCO Report.